Semaglutide is a GLP-1 receptor agonist medication primarily used to treat type 2 diabetes and, more recently, for chronic weight management. It mimics the action of the natural hormone GLP-1 (glucagon-like peptide-1), which helps regulate blood sugar and appetite.
Key Uses of Semaglutide:
- Type 2 Diabetes Management
- Lowers blood sugar by stimulating insulin release and reducing glucagon secretion.
- Slows stomach emptying, helping with post-meal blood sugar control.
- Weight Loss / Obesity Treatment
- Brand name: Wegovy (higher-dose injectable, weekly)
- Approved for chronic weight management in adults with obesity (BMI ≥30) or overweight (BMI ≥27) with chronic conditions (e.g., hypertension, diabetes).
- Works by suppressing appetite and increasing feelings of fullness.
How It Works:
- Increases insulin secretion (only when blood sugar is high).
- Reduces glucagon (a hormone that raises blood sugar).
- Slows gastric emptying, leading to prolonged satiety.
- Acts on brain receptors to decrease hunger and cravings.
Common Side Effects:
- Nausea
- Vomiting
- Diarrhea
- Constipation
- Stomach pain
- Bloating
- Headache
- Fatigue
- Rare but serious risks: Pancreatitis, gallbladder issues, kidney problems, and potential thyroid tumors (seen in animal studies; human risk unclear).
How to Take It:
Inject once a week, on the same day each week.Can be taken with or without food, at any time of day.Inject into the thigh, upper arm, or stomach (abdomen).Rotate injection sites to avoid irritation.
Starting Doses:
- Week 1: 0.25 mg
- Increase every 4 weeks until reaching the target dose of 2.4 mg weekly
- The dose is increased gradually to minimize side effects, especially nausea.
- If you forget a weekly dose and it’s within 5 days, take it. If more than 5 days have passed, skip it and take the next dose as scheduled.
- Store in the fridge
- Always use a new needle for each injection
When to Contact Your Doctor:
- Severe stomach pain (possible pancreatitis)
- Signs of dehydration (from vomiting or diarrhea)
- Unusual lumps or swelling in the neck (thyroid concerns)
- Persistent nausea or vomiting
Semaglutide has gained significant attention for its weight-loss effects, but it’s important to use it under medical supervision due to potential side effects and the need for proper dosing.
